Route and Site Surveying Geometry

An intermediate component of surveying geometry involves route surveying and in general the concept of a surface model. Tangent route geometry is integrated into horizontal curve geometry to create horizontal alignments. Offsets to centerline such as right-of-way lines are presented in a wide variety of real world examples. Vertical curve geometry is next presented with real world examples.  The traditional cross section solution for 3-D modeling is mathematically presented and its evolution to surface modeling is shown with real world examples. The engineering design computation of volume from surfaces is presented. 

This discussion prepares one for the portion of the Fundamentals of Surveying Professional Exam that covers these topics.